#(Part--1 )
Link: https://steemit.com/busy/@sanekabir/a-sensor-network-architecture-aided-by-rf-energy-harvester-for-longer-network-lifetime

History of WSN (Wireless sensor network)

Like different kinds of progressing technology the starting activities can be seen in military and heavy industrial applications. The United States Military in the 1950s use wireless network to detect and track Soviet submarines. At that time they have developed Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) based on wireless sensor network. In 1980 the United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) started the Distributed Sensor network (DSN). Governments and universities eventually began using WSNs in applications in different indoor and outdoor application. Giant company like IBM and BELL use WSNs in heavy industrial applications such as power distribution, waste-water treatment and specialized factory automation. The military, science/technology and heavy industrial applications of previous decades were all based on large and unwieldy, expensive sensors and proprietary networking protocol.

Motivation for that work :

Wireless sensor network is generally used for sensing the environment around it and sending the collected data to the remote monitoring station. To sense the environment around a sensor, it needs continuous power supply. Power supply in the sensors is often provided by battery, which eventually expires after some months or years. The expiration of battery, and eventually the sensor leads to break of communication path and even network failure. To solve this problem, two solutions can be thought of: i) maintain a continuous power supply by some means, and ii) introduce sleep-time and active-time mechanism in a sensor. The former is hard to achieve, and in some cases infeasible too because we need some external power source to empower the sensor. The later one, in fact, prolongs network life time with the cost of reduced throughput of the network. However, recent advancements in energy harvesting technologies offer a feasible opportunity to power-up the sensors so that it can increase active period, if not being able to be active all the time. The bottleneck with this approach is the additional cost required for energy harvesting circuitry. As an example Powercast P2110-EVAL-01 is an integrated radio frequency energy harvester and sensors, which costs $172[11]. Deployment of such sensors in a whole sensor network that spans a large area and composed of many sensors will be costly.
Considering the issues discussed above, in this dissertation we propose a sensor network architecture that is composed of both traditional battery-powered sensors and few RF energy harvesting enabled sensors. The proposed network architecture will not increase the total expenditure of the network much but it is expected to provide a better sensor network solution in terms of network lifetime and network throughput.

Objective for this research

 Better energy harvesting system
 Increase lifetime of the sensor by harvesting energy
 Increase the throughput and data accuracy
 Increasing the using purpose
 Lower energy cost
 Keeping sensor network cost at an optimum level

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