Beginning of the twentieth century. The communication system has improved very well. Number of Bell's subscribers exceeded one million. But the telegraph still holds the seat of the king for more distance contact. Another work has been done through these achievements - the cities have been covered by electric shafts and pillars. The first day Morse used to use the poles for his telegraph, he probably did not know that this poles and he would once again create urban jungle.
General people have realized that the power and electricity of electromagnetism Where are the two hydrothermal technologies like telegraph and telephony, and the opportunity to deny the electromagnet? This proved to be sufficiently sufficient in the technology that Maxwell and Farad's research created.
However, a practice of Maxwell's theory did not begin yet. That is the probability of the presence of electromagnetic waves. If it is available then you can save the electric wire from the trash.
Electromagnetic waves have established today's wireless or wireless technology. But before telling about it, we need to say a little bit about how electromagnetic waves are found. In the equations published in 1873, Maxwell spoke of a number of electromagnetic waves running at the speed of light. Because the wavelength is different than the light, people can not see them. Someone still could not find any proof of this type of wave, so it was not normal to accept the existence of mathematical calculations based on mathematical calculations.
Heinrich Harz; Image Source: famousscientists.org
But there were many who rely on Maxwell. A group of scientists, known as Maxwellians, were discovered in search of invisible electromagnetic waves. But for fifteen years, they did not find any after the great work. The existence of this type of wave was first proved by German professor Heinrich Harz.After eight years of continuous theoretical research and skillful experiments, he succeeded in 1888. Be able to prove the existence of Maxwell's theory of waves. He was able to show the presence of the wave through the transmitter and receiver antenna in very small quantities.
All of these 'Hierzian waves' characterized the entire light, only their wavelength was one million times larger than the light. These waves were reflected in metal plates, just how light is reflected in the mirror.After discovering it, many people saw the possibility of its all-encompassing application. Oliver Laws in Britain, Nikola Tesla in Serbia and many others including Jagadish Chandra Bose started working on this wave. However, the most unusual application of this wave showed Italy's Guglielmo Marconi.
Marconi was born in 1874 in a wealthy family in Italy. From childhood he was interested in electromagnetism. At the age of twelve, he was re-released by Benjamin Franklin's 'Kite Experiment'.
When he was twenty years old, he became interested in Harge's work. Renovate his test with the wave and continue to improve it. The reason for his interest in the wave was totally different from that of Herrz. Hargus discovered this wave as a scientist, from scientific inquiries, to enrich the knowledge of electromagnetism. On the other hand, Marconi, who came from a businessman, saw the possibility of money and money.
Hertz test setup; Image Source: Spark meuseum
He thought of using the wave in telegraph and telephone for the first contact. He understood that because this wave can be switched off and switched, it will be possible to send the Morse code easily without it. He started his artwork by making an electromagnetic laboratory. Trying to increase the distance of the transmitter and receiver of HERGE.He found that it was possible to send signals for longer distances by increasing voltage and using long antenna. Using an antenna with a flying kite, he was able to send the signal up to a distance of about three kilometers.
Initially, Mark's father disliked the habit of using these technologies. He wanted his son to study literature and minded the business.But at a time, he admits to the intense interest of Marconi and came forward to help him in this work. Encouraged by his father, Marconi appealed for the Italian government's government to fund the development of this technology near the Office of Telecommunication. But they very well informed that the government has no interest in it. Desperate to find an investor to leave Italy and fly to London.
London was the ideal place to make a technology-based business, much like today's Silicon Valley. Moreover, relatives of his mother are quite well-established in London. Through them, he became familiar with London's elite society. The young, handsome Markini presented a beautiful image among them. He became acquainted with one of his relatives, Sir William Prison, the chief engineer of the British Post Office.
Marconi is working on his desk; Image Source: Wikipedia
William Pryce became passionate about his work. There was much more influence in the British telecommunication sector. He gave Markney the opportunity to showcase his work to influential people. Within a short span of time, Marconi became quite prominent in London and with the help of her mother's family, she was able to collect nearly $ 1 million of that time. As a purchasing power, it is equal to eight and a half million dollars in 2010.
Do not waste so much money on the young Markini Hall. He used it fairly well by his very good business intelligence. He was able to understand the potential market of Wireless telegraphy. He was also well-versed in history, so he understood the importance of securing the title of his work. So in the beginning he kept his future safe with a number of patents related to Wireless Telegraphs from the contestants.
After that, he was not in any conflict with the telegraph system of his connection that was established at that time. He established radio connections only in those areas, where he could not reach the connection. For example, from the ship to the port contact. He managed to spread his technology in the media with great intelligence. The radio telegraph was established in the royal yacht and Queen's palace in Britain.Queen Victoria and her son, Prince of Wallace Edward, got the news of radio conversations on the first page of the newspaper. The technology of Marconi gave extensive coverage.
Checking Mercury's devices, British Officials; Image Source: wearecardiff.co.uk
Through these, Marconi was able to show the world that even though the two places are not directly with the direct line of sight, there is also the wireless communication between them. In 1899, the French government took responsibility, establishing radio communications on the two sides of the English Channel. Markini successfully established this system on thirty-three miles of water. This success has led him to a greater goal.After traveling to America, Marconi thinks, how the wireless signal has passed the English channel, can it also pass the Atlantic?
After thirty miles of English Channel, this target is two thousand miles. So the challenge is even more. There will be much longer antenna and more powerful power sources. There were also many unknown issues of basic science.For example, since the Earth is round, the electromagnetic wave moves from Europe to North America, or does it penetrate the atmosphere, it will move straight into space? Despite all such restrictions, Markney decided to do it. He recruited Professor John Ambrose Fleming
Professor Fleming was an outstanding person in electrical design, before that he worked as Edison's assistant.Under his supervision, Marconi started the project behind the scenes, at two stations in England and Canada. It was the reason for secret, he was quite skeptical about its success. If it fails, it would be harmful for its reputation. But he succeeded. After two years of continuous hard work, on December 12, 1901, the Telegraph signal "DDD", which was sent from England, arrived at the Mercury AirPhone in Newfoundland, Canada, which means the English letter 'S'.
News of the wireless signal passing through the Atlantic; Image Source: marconi100.ca
The news of this unique achievement of Markini is widely publicized worldwide. After five weeks, he received formal recognition in the Engineering Department. On 2 January 1902, he was honored at the annual meeting of 'American Institute of Electrical Engineers'. There were many legendary guests, including Alexander Graham Bell. Although Edison was not present, he sent congratulatory telegrams for Mr Markie,
## This boy's job brought him to my level.
Then in 1909, Malkin won the Nobel Prize in Physics. He is probably the only Nobel Laureate in Physics, who has no bachelor's degree from any university. But through his work, he made himself worthy of it. Today's wireless communication system has been possible by way of the unique application of the Harzian wave in the communications sector and the way it has established it with its rusty business intelligence.We are enjoying the benefits of our benefits. Not only thankful to many scientists and engineers, including Marconi, to make our everyday life so easy.