WHAT IS MACHINE LEARNING ?
Machine learning is an idea that there are generic algorithm that can tell you something interesting about a set of data without you having to write any costum code specific to the problem . Instead of writting code you feed data to the generic and it build its own logic based on data.
For example one type of algorithm is a classification algorithm it can put data in different groups . The same classification algorithm used to recognise hand written number could also be used to classify emails into span and not spam without changing a little e of code . It's same algorithm but its feed different training data so it comes up with different classification logic.