general information
Al-Hajar or Madain Saleh, an archaeological site in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is located in the province of Al-Ola of the Medina, and occupies a strategic position on the road linking the south of the Arabian Peninsula in Mesopotamia and the Levant and Egypt, and the stone name of Diyar Thamud in the valley of villages between Medina and Tabuk, : The stone was known as Madain Saleh or Saleh villages. The stone is located 22 km north-east of the city of Ula at latitude 4726 north and longitude 5337 east. The stone has been used since ancient times. The stone derives its historical fame from its location on the ancient trade road linking the south of the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant. The people of Thamud, who came to the Quran by mentioning that they had suppressed the invitation of the Prophet of Allah, and then turned away from their religion, and disobeyed the camel that God sent to them a sign.
Archeology
According to archeology, the city of the stone was inhabited by the Almohadists in the third millennium BC, and after that they were settled by the Levites in the ninth century BC. In the second century BC, the Nabataeans conquered the city of Al-Hajar, and they overthrew the state of Bani Lahyan, Stone temples and tombs, the Nabataeans have built a stone town for themselves in the inscriptions found. But the city of stone contains a huge amount of inscriptions and animal and the need to study symbols and decomposition, and the areas of Ola and worms and the ruins of life and the oldest may be back to 1700 BC. According to writings, part of which was destroyed by an earthquake, but the city of stone is the effects of the first merchants and traders Coming from southern Arabia. In 2008, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) announced that Mada'in Saleh is a world heritage site, thus becoming the first site in Saudi Arabia to join the World Heritage List.
The Nabataeans are the age of the stone
The researchers found that the Nabataeans were the first to settle the stone (Madain Saleh), and they reconstructed it. The researchers believe that the origin of the Nabataeans of the Arabian Peninsula, and the historian Diodore Skalli said that the Nabataeans were pastoralists who do not know agriculture, that they are unstable, that they do not drink wine, Most of them rocky and rugged. It is known that the Nabataeans established a vast kingdom that extended from their capital, Petra, to the stone (Madain Saleh) to the south. It was the oldest evidence to indicate the existence of the Nabataeans dates back to the ninth century AD, and the beginning of their kingdom in the commodity city, The political capital of the Nabateans. Then they decided to take control of the old trade route and established their commercial capital (the stone). Through the Nabataean inscriptions of Madain Saleh we can determine the temporal age in which the rule of the Nabatean kingdom prevailed, starting from the beginning of the first century BC to the middle of the second century AD. The Nabateans faced many political and economic problems, especially with the Roman Empire. The greatest problem faced by the Nabataeans, however, was the discovery of the monsoons in the first century BC, which caused the states and commercial caravans to take their goods through the Red Sea Which led to the impact of stone, which was dependent on the passage of convoys to their land and taking taxes from them. The Nabataeans were an ancient people settled in the northwest of the Arabian Peninsula. Their language was a form of late Aramaic, which showed great influence in Arabic. Before the birth of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) seven hundred years, the Nabataean kingdom extended from Damascus to the Red Sea. In 63 AD was annexed by Rome, and in 106 AD Emperor Trajan moved to a Roman province with the rest of the Arabian Peninsula. The success of the Nabataeans is largely due to the presence of the best engineers of the ancient world. They have managed to overcome the water resources in the region through a network of trenches, channels and wells, which were called channels. The remains of Madain Saleh show the great engineering works they have become famous for. There are more than 131 huge tombs carved on rocks standing alone amid a wavy world of sand and islands of decaying sandstone rocks that have eroded into magnificent carved shapes. North-west of Saudi Arabia, between Tabuk and Madinah. In the afternoon, you will see the view of the golden plateaus, and behind it a freewheeling freeway with its volcanic soil. This is one of the best scenes in the Arabian Peninsula and the local landmarks are Bedouin, not Nabataean, but archaeologists have used them. Madain Saleh was known in antiquity as the stone, or in its Arabic name (stone). Most of the tours are clockwise around the area.
Palace of the manufacturer
The first tombs are Al-Sanea Palace, and although not much excitement, it is an introduction to the main elements of Nabataean tombs, the great façade, the five-degree forms and inscriptions at the top of the door. Inside the tomb, where the holes were placed corpses. The khirimat present twenty tombs in good condition from the best preserved tombs in Madain Saleh. There are many symbols that seem to link generations of the cultural depictions of the Al-Ahbash, the Egyptians, and others. They show shapes that look like wings with human heads and shapes resembling roses. A bowl used in rituals associated with funerals, and in the Khirbatat houses built of milk, and the well Nabati.
Mount Ethiopia
Mount Ethel is spectacularly located on the horizon in the northeast, surrounded by a wide space. As in the city of Petra in Jordan, this area has a narrow road called (Sik). Inside the rock is a large open hall called the Diwan, surrounded by two columns and some stone moldings on the three inner walls. According to Charles Dauti, discovered in 1305 AH (1888 AD), there was a threshold, and it fell with the front of the ceiling, and this room is cool and cute
