Bhutan is situated on the southern inclines of the eastern Himalayas, landlocked between the Tibet Autonomous Region toward the north and the Indian conditions of Sikkim, West Bengal, Assam, and Arunachal Pradesh toward the west and south. It lies between scopes 26°N and 29°N, and longitudes 88°E and 93°E. The land comprises generally of steep and high mountains jumbled by a system of quick waterways, which frame profound valleys before depleting into the Indian fields. Height ascends from 200 m (660 ft) in the southern lower regions to in excess of 7,000 m (23,000 ft). This awesome geological decent variety joined with similarly different atmosphere conditions adds to Bhutan's exceptional scope of biodiversity and ecosystems.[2]
The northern locale of Bhutan comprises of a circular segment of Eastern Himalayan snow capped bush and glades coming to up to glaciated mountain crests with a to a great degree frosty atmosphere at the most noteworthy heights. Most crests in the north are more than 7,000 m (23,000 ft) above ocean level; the most noteworthy point in Bhutan is Gangkhar Puensum at 7,570 meters (24,840 ft), which has the refinement of being the most astounding unclimbed mountain in the world.[41] The least point, at 98 m (322 ft), is in the valley of Drangme Chhu, where the stream crosses the outskirt with India.[41] Watered by snow-nourished waterways, high valleys in this district give field to domesticated animals, tended by a meager populace of transient shepherds.
The Black Mountains in the focal district of Bhutan shape a watershed between two noteworthy stream frameworks: the Mo Chhu and the Drangme Chhu. Tops operating at a profit Mountains run in the vicinity of 1,500 and 4,925 m (4,921 and 16,158 ft) above ocean level, and quick streaming waterways have cut out profound crevasses in the lower mountain regions. The woodlands of the focal Bhutan mountains comprise of Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer backwoods in higher rises and Eastern Himalayan broadleaf timberlands in bring down rises. Forests of the focal area give the majority of Bhutan's woods creation. The Torsa, Raidak, Sankosh, and Manas are the fundamental waterways of Bhutan, coursing through this area. The vast majority of the populace lives in the focal good countries.
In the south, the Shiwalik Hills are secured with thick Himalayan subtropical broadleaf woodlands, alluvial swamp waterway valleys, and mountains up to around 1,500 m (4,900 ft) above ocean level. The lower regions slip into the subtropical Duars Plain. The vast majority of the Duars is situated in India, despite the fact that a 10 to 15 km (6.2 to 9.3 mi) wide strip reaches out into Bhutan. The Bhutan Duars is partitioned into two sections: the northern and the southern Duars.
The northern Duars, which adjoin the Himalayan lower regions, have rough, inclining landscape and dry, permeable soil with thick vegetation and bottomless natural life. The southern Duars has reasonably fruitful soil, substantial savannah grass, thick, blended wilderness, and freshwater springs. Mountain streams, nourished by either the softening snow or the storm downpours, purge into the Brahmaputra River in India. Information discharged by the Ministry of Agriculture demonstrated that the nation had a woods front of 64% as of October 2005.