The freshwater crisis is one of the most urgent issues of our time and affects regions around the world, not only those traditionally associated with water scarcity, such as the countries of sub-Saharan Africa or the arid zones of the Middle East. This limited perception contributes to an incomplete understanding of the problem, which actually has a global impact, even in areas with abundant vegetation or tropical climates.

1.Firstly, PLANT ABUNDANCE DOES NOT GUARANTEE WATER AVAILABILITY. Although there are areas with extensive vegetation cover, they face serious problems of access to drinking water due to factors such as poor water resource management, pollution or climate change. A clear example is Venezuela, a country with vast biodiversity and significant natural resources, but which faces a severe water crisis. Despite having one of the largest reserves of freshwater in the world, many communities lack access to this basic resource. This shows that lush vegetation is not a sufficient condition to guarantee the availability of drinking water. From an ecological point of view, soils and plants play a fundamental role in the hydrological cycle, as they help to store water and nutrients. However, this process depends on multiple variables, such as soil quality, vegetation cover and infiltration rates. For example, MANGROVES are ecosystems rich in biodiversity that act as natural barriers against floods, but THEIR WATER IS NOT SUITABLE FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION. Similarly, plants such as cacti have developed adaptations to survive in arid conditions, but these characteristics do not necessarily imply an abundance of water available for human communities.

2.Secondly, the INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND NATURAL PHENOMENA, which translates into climate change, HAS EXACERBED THE FRESHWATER CRISIS BY ALTERING PRECIPITATION PATTERNS and increasing the frequency and intensity of EXTREME CLIMATE EVENTS SUCH AS EL NIÑO AND LA NIÑA. In Venezuela, for example, the average rainfall rate in certain regions is less than 750 mm per year, with prolonged dry seasons that further complicate access to water. These extreme weather conditions affect both rural and urban communities, either through prolonged droughts or flash floods that destroy crops and contaminate water sources Furthermore, it is important to highlight that CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECTS NOT ONLY THE QUANTITY OF WATER AVAILABLE, BUT ALSO ITS QUALITY. Heavy rains can cause soil erosion and drag pollutants into water bodies, while droughts can concentrate pollutants in the remaining water sources. This creates a double challenge: guaranteeing access to water in sufficient quantities and ensuring that it is suitable for human consumption.

3.Third, INADEQUATE MANAGEMENT AND LACK OF INFRASTRUCTURE, the water crisis is also deeply related to inefficient management of water resources and lack of adequate infrastructure. In many Venezuelan communities, for example, access to water depends on tanker trucks that supply this resource intermittently. This is not only unsustainable from an environmental and economic point of view, but also perpetuates social inequalities by limiting access to water for the most vulnerable populations. Indiscriminate logging and uncontrolled urbanization have further aggravated the situation. In mountainous areas such as those with altitudes close to 700 meters above sea level, which is the case where the FIRST WELL is being built, deforestation has reduced the soil's capacity to retain water, leading to a decrease in aquifer recharge and the depletion of surface sources.

In the 1920s to the 1990s, the people had no water problems, then there was an interest in logging, going so far as to cut down almost the entire margin of the ravines. This problem has intensified since the end of the 20th century, when conflicts began to arise related to access to water in these regions.
Fourthly, COMPARISONS. It is common to compare the water situation in Venezuela with that of other countries such as Ireland or the United Kingdom, where rainfall is more abundant and is distributed throughout the four seasons of the year. However, these comparisons must be made with caution, since each region faces unique challenges related to its geography, climate and management capacity.

When we propose to talk about a region or country we must speak with foundations, an image can be interpreted depending on our world experience. Indeed, in our writings abundant vegetation appears, a lot of green, but the inhabitants do not climb 300 or 400 meters up a hill, with impassable roads to water a cedar, apamate or grass, they do not go to water the cocoa or coffee bushes, or other fruits. Making hate without having foundations, starting a debate without precise sources is like plowing the sea. If you want to continue, I ask you please tell me what your sources of information, data, statistics were.

I invite you to click on the following links so you have an idea and then we can talk.

https://www.linkedin.com/in/water-project-650360339/recent-activity/all/
https://efectococuyo.com/la-humanidad/departamento-de-ingenieria-hidrometeorologica-de-la-ucv-diciembre-fue-un-mes-seco-y-en-2025-las-lluvias-se-reduciran/
https://hidromet-ucv.org.ve/category/meteorologia/
https://www.elnacional.com/venezuela/pronostican-disminucion-de-lluvias-para-2025-tras-un-diciembre-inusualmente-seco/
https://www.elnacional.com/mundo/las-sequias-de-larga-duracion-seran-la-nueva-normalidad-climatica/
https://reliefweb.int/report/venezuela-bolivarian-republic/efectos-y-consecuencias-humanitarias-del-fenomeno-de-el-nino-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe-20232024
https://www.bancaynegocios.com/omm-preve-que-el-fenomeno-de-la-nina-regrese-antes-de-febrero-pero-de-forma-debil-y-breve/
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://calletacarigua.com/blog/2021/04/23/el-municipio-benitez-sobrevive-en-la-calamidad/&ved=2ahUKEwinr4iNsq-LAxVimbAFHUA7IOcQFnoECEgQAQ&sqi=2&usg=AOvVaw0iIzbrXeA_w2QvT5Ahzauz
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://calletacarigua.com/blog/2021/04/23/el-municipio-benitez-sobrevive-en-la-calamidad/&ved=2ahUKEwinr4iNsq-LAxVimbAFHUA7IOcQFnoECEgQAQ&sqi=2&usg=AOvVaw0iIzbrXeA_w2QvT5Ahzauz
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-47796053&ved=2ahUKEwi11PWAsa-LAxWeSTABHTxYO6g4ChAWegQILRAB&usg=AOvVaw1qGFjmxc9hxYCN0swgwyxZ

Bibliographical references

1. Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU). (2010). Resolución 64/292: El derecho humano al agua y el saneamiento. Recuperado de https://www.un.org
2. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2021). Sixth Assessment Report: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Cambridge University Press.
3. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2016). The State of the World’s Water Resources for Food and Agriculture. FAO.
4. World Resources Institute (WRI). (2019). Aqueduct Water Risk Atlas. Recuperado de https://www.wri.org
5. UNICEF & WHO. (2021). Progress on Household Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene 2000-2020. Recuperado de https://www.unicef.org
6. Ministerio del Poder Popular para el Ecosocialismo (Venezuela). (2020). Informe Nacional sobre Recursos Hídricos.