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Agriculture is the cultivation and breeding of animals and plants to provide food, fiber, medicinal plants and other products to sustain and enhance life.
If the process of economic development is to be initiated and made self sustaining, it must begin with agricultural sector. The agricultural sector is the backbone of any economy which provides the basic ingredients to mankind and raw materials for industries.
Economy can be diversify in some many branches of agriculture which will enhance growth and development of the country.
Agronomy; Agronomy deals with soil management and the growing of crops.
Horticulture: Horticulture deals with the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental crops.
Agricultural Engineering: Agricultural engineering involves knowledge of farm machines and equipment. It also deals with developing new systems and practices to address problems facing agriculture.
Agricultural Economics: Agricultural Economics deals with the business end of farming.
Animal Science: Animal Science is basically the breeding and caring of animal for specific purposes, such as for their meat, milk and/or fur.
Forestry: Forestry is the science and craft of creating, managing, using, conserving, and repairing forests and associated resources to meet desired goals, needs, and values for human and environment benefits.
The types of agriculture that can be practiced are:
SUBSISTENCE: this is when a farmer practice agriculture on a small amount of land and produces enough food to feed his household and just few for sale. The aim of subsistence agriculture is to produce enough food to ensure his family survival. This type of agriculture is labour intensive because all of the work is done by human and animals and only hand tools and simple machine are used to work on the land.
COMMERCIAL: this involves the production of large quantities of crops and livestock through the use of heavy farm implements for the purpose of sale. The aim of commercial agriculture is to increase crop yield which is the amount of food produced for each unit of land. Crops and livestock made through this type of agriculture are produced to feed the masses and the products are sold.
How Agriculture contribute to economic development of a nation.
√ Agriculture provides employment opportunities. If huge support were given to agriculture and people were employed it will aid economic growth and development.
√ It helps in earning valuable foreign exchange through export of agricultural products. Example of this, is the exportation of cocoa, cassava and oil palm.
Agriculture provides food and shelter for the people of the country which makes while easier for them.
√ It provides investable surplus in form of saving and taxes to be invested in non agricultural sector.
√ It provides raw materials for industries so as to develop other sectors in the country.
A country without a well structured agricultural sector will struggle in the world make because the will import almost everything need for immediate survival. Agricultural sector is the most important sector in any developed countries of the world(maybe because I'm a farmer but that's the truth). Because with agriculture you can invest in other sectors with stress and little fund will be required. All that is needed can be derived from agriculture. For example, agriculture can provide raw materials for textile and the most important can serve as foreign exchange.
Without doubt agriculture is the strength of the world.
I'm a proud farmer.
I love farming.
The future of the world is agriculture
What's sustain the world is agriculture.