Solar radiation is a jet of energy derived from the thermonuclear process that occurs in the Sun. Solar radiation energy in the form of light and electromagnetic waves.
The solar radiation spectrum itself consists of two, namely:
Rays wavy short. Rays that include short waves are x rays, gamma rays, ultra violet rays
Long wavy rays The rays that include long waves are infrared rays
The total amount of radiation received on the Earth's surface depends on 4 (four) factors.
Distance of the Sun. Any changes in the distance of the earth and the Sun give rise to variations on the reception of the Sun's energy
The intensity of solar radiation, ie the size of the angle of the sun's rays on the surface of the earth. The amount received is directly proportional to the angular magnitude of the incident angle. Rays with oblique angles come less energized on the surface of the earth due to their energies scattered over large surfaces and also because they have to travel a further layer of atmosphir than if the rays with angles are perpendicular.
The length of the day (sun duration), ie the distance and duration between Sunrise and Sunset.
The influence of the atmosphere. The rays passing through the atmosphere will partly be adsorbed by gases, dust and water vapor, reflected back, emitted and the rest forwarded to the earth's surface. Marcell