image source ] The English name of Bedana is pomegranate. Sanskrit and Nepali languages are called Darim. Pomegranate trees are tall, 5-8 meters long. Ripe fruits are reddish to see. There is a crystal-like granule in the fruit shell. They are eaten.The origin of Bedanah is Iran and Iraq. Its cultivation has been in the Caucasus region since ancient times. From there it spread to the Indian subcontinent. [1] It is currently the dry region of Turkey, Iran, Syria, Spain, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Iraq, Lebanon, Egypt, China, Burma, Saudi Arabia, Israel, Jordan, Philippines, Southeast Asia , Are widely cultivated in the Mediterranean, southern Europe and tropical Africa.
Bedana is used as a cure for Ayurvedic and Unani treatment. Because it is the main ingredient of bacterial acid, arciolic acid, and some aromatic substances such as cidopterairein, papertirin, isoparaterin, methylparetrium etc., it is used in various diseases. According to Kaviraji, pomegranate is the most beneficial fruit of the heart. The fruit is considered beneficial for the liver patients. Due to tree roots, barks and fruit capsules, medicines of dying and diarrhea are made. It is the tissue of diarrhea, spondylosis, caloric intake, anesthesia, talent and restorative, unhealthy and satisfying.
In our country, the cultivation of commercial veneer started. Many farmers have made a fortune by cultivating the Vedana.
Waste cultivation method:
It is easily tolerated in the forbidden soil, because it is quite tolerant of the pelvic trees. If you take regular care, you can get fruits from pomegranate trees throughout the year. The demand and market value of welding in Bangladesh is also very good. Considering the income side, the cultivation of pomegranate is not less than any other fruit. Because the value of pomegranum is high, a medium-sized pineapple tree can earn up to Rs 3000-4000 a year. So the cultivation of Vedana in Bangladesh is quite profitable and potential.
reproduction:
With the help of seeds, branch pens, coconut pens and roots, the seedlings are transmitted. Besides, seedlings can be grown easily from seed. However, the quality of the soil produced from the seeds does not remain in the quality of the soil and the quality of the fruit is not maintained. The easiest and common method of producing donor seedlings is the branch pen method. In order to form pen, you need to select one year old full of mature pulses, which will be 25-30 cm in length. Pomegranate seedlings can be produced in the form of goosekalam. The bottom part of the cutting or branch pen is to be absorbed by mixing 2,000 ppm indole-acetic acid (IBA) or 3000 ppm Indal Beautyic Acid (IBA) water, because it accelerates the growth of roots. To accelerate the growth of seedling in the production of sapling system, it is better to use the mixture of water of 10,000 ppm (IBA).
Cast:
There are no specific approved varieties of vendors in Bangladesh. Most of the seedlings that are found in Bangladesh are the seeds produced from seeds. However, there are several varieties of Vedana in India such as Dulka, Bhadki and GBGI, Paper Shell, Mascaid Red, Bedana and Kandhari. Duff-fruit fruit white and seeds soft. On the other hand, the varieties of roasted pink and seed are hard and violet and GBGI varieties. Besides, Spanish Ruby is the most famous variety of pomegranates in different countries.Land Select and Created:
In the rainy season, for the cultivation of Bedana, high and medium lowlands are to be selected. The open space for the pain is absolutely necessary. Growth of pomegranate trees is hampered at the place of pain and the yield is low. Before planting the seedlings, the land should be well built by cultivating landscape.
Planting Methods and Planting Time:
Sapling can be planted in the tree square or hexagonal method. The appropriate time to plant the seedlings is June-July.
Planting distance:
To cultivate pain in the form of garden, it is necessary to plant trees at a distance of 5 meters.
MADA created:
After creating the design of the land in the square or hexagonal method, 60 mph 60 grams of 60 cms should be made in a specific distance. After making the holes, after drying the hole in the sun for 15 days, fill up the hole after mixing with 15-20 kg of raw cow dung or garbage fields. At least 15 days after the fill of the hole will be planted there.
Planting / Planting and Caring:
To plant the seedlings in the middle of the hole should be tied with a stick to keep the seed straight. Then pressing the forearm with the hand should be pressed hard. After planting, irrigation of water should be done regularly at the beginning of the plant. Fencing around the garden should be arranged for cows or goats not to destroy trees.
Fertilizer application on the tree:
Besides planting fertilizer before planting, regular fertilizers should be applied on the tree every year. For each year, 10 kg of dung manure 125 grams of urea 125 grams of triple super phosphate and 125 grams of muriate of potash fertilizer should be applied on each tree and every year the fertilizer levels will be increased, thus the fertilizer level of a full adult tree will be 60 kg of dung fertilizer, 1 2.5 kg urea, 1.5 kg triple super phosphate and 1.5 kg of muriate of potash. The above-mentioned fertilizer should be divided into two parts and one part of the Jyath-Ashar month and the other part should be applied at the beginning of the tree in the Ashwin-Kartik month.
Weed Suppression:
Banana cultivation is absolutely necessary to be clean. There should be no weed in the beginning of the pestilence tree. For this, weeds should be cleaned regularly.
Water irrigation and drainage:
Foliage trees should be given regular light irrigation. The early soil of the plant will never be more dry or watery. If there is not enough soil in the soil after application of fertilizers and fertilizers, then it must be irrigated.
Pruning of pulses:
Pangadana tree is a very bushy tree with dense branch and so it needs to be pruned regularly. Sufficient structure of pandaya tree and 4-6 main branches with it is enough to make a fine structure. For this reason, the head of the tree has to be cut off at a distance of one meter from the land. Up to one and a half feet from the ground, 4-6 major branches have to be raised with equal value to the main trunk. The main branches have to be truncated after six months and after one and a half feet. Thus, if the plants grow, it will take 3-4 years to grow. It is necessary to cut the seed produced from the pulp and the main branch of the pedestal tree and the seed produced from the roots regularly. Because if these are the yield of the tree decreases. Since the flowers come to the head of the small branch from the old pulse of pomegranate tree, then the fruit trees have to be cut at different times to find new branches.
Special care:
There are some flowers in the pomegranate tree throughout the year. But flowers do not produce fruit from time to time. The fruit of the flower in spring is summer fruit, although the value of this fruit is not very good. The flower that comes in the beginning of the rainy season and the fruit that comes from the flower is suitable for collection in the month of Kartik, and the quality of this fruit is quite good. Therefore, to take flowers in the beginning of the rainy season, the special care of the tree is taken from the month of Paas to the month of Baishakh. At this time the irrigation of the water should be stopped so that the growth of the tree is stopped. In the month of Chaitra, the tree has to be irrigated and the spade of the tree has to be algaa. During the month of Chaitra the leaves of the leaves fall and the trees remain asleep for the Boishakh-Jayantha month. It is better to give irrigation to two before the start of monsoon. As soon as the monsoon starts, tree buds and flowers are fertilized and kartik is suitable for the collection of fruits in the month of Agrahayana.
Inter-crop cultivation:
Pomegranate trees usually do not produce normal yield before 4-6 years of age. So, till 4-6 years of age, it is possible to cultivate intermediate crops in empty spaces of pomegranate garden. As an intermediate crop, various types of vegetables and pulses can be cultivated such as gram, mung, and lentil mascankai.
Pulmonary diseases and pest management:
The insect and its remedy
Pomegranate butterflies or fruitful pests
Pomegranate buttermilk is a fierce enemy of pomegranate fruit. The strains of this species are harmful to the fruit. Female butterflies laid eggs on flowering and small fruit. The stomach grows out of the eggs and penetrates inside it and dries fruit seeds and other parts. Before turning into a mosaic, the fruit has come out of the fruit by a hole in the skin. Fungal and bacterial infections can lead to secondary infection due to this insect.Remedies
The fruit from the affected fruit trees or the soil lying in the ground must be harvested.
If fruit starts growing in the tree, it will be protected from insect attack by cloth or polythene or bagter paper, after baking fruit in the fruit.
Per liter of water in a milliliter of 1 liter of water should be done by malathion or carburel or phosphamidone group insecticide, which is 15 days intervals.
Trunk pest
The stem borer usually attacks the unprotected tree. During this night, the stomach enters the stem and branches of the branch and enters the inside and continues to eat the inside. During the day, they hide in pulse holes and leave the waste material. This insect attack can be seen by looking at small pores or waste materials in the trunk or branch.
Remedies
Arrangement of insect pest should be arranged in the hole.
Cleaning insects of the worm from the hole, worms can be worn by inserting kerosene or petrol injected with syringes or cotton in the hole and closing the hole with mud.
Juice absorbing insect
Identified as umbrella insect, white fly, tar or fiber insects, thrush, jaw and insect pomegranate juice absorbing insects. In these insect attacks, leaves, leaves of flowers, and small fruits fell. White flies and pestle leaves and tuberose juice ate loses, causing the affected part to become faded and perverted. Besides, these insects produce a kind of honey from the body that stays on the leaves. After this, there is a fungus on the secretion of honey on the leaves. As a result, the production process of the tree is interrupted. Spiders and thrips kill insects, flower stems, pots and colonies, and eat corms out of wounds. The result is that the leaves are curled and the flower falls apart due to prickle.
Remedies
For attacking the umbrella insect and the tar pests insects, the first part of the attack will be cut and burned. After this, monocrotophos or diagenine group insecticides mixed with one milliliter of water per liter water should be applied to the tree.
For suppressing pest or pest, one-milliliter of water per liter of water should be done twice a day by mixing Phosphamidan or Diazinon Group Pesticides at a millimeter rate of half milliliter.
For suppressing the spider, apply salt per kilogram of water per liter of water or sulfur fungicide in two grams of the soil.
Diseases and remedies
Fruit Stains Disease
It is a fungal disease. There are small and irregular spots on the affected fruit. There are green spots on the spots around the stains. Later the stains become long stains and the fruits of the fruit shells become brown in color. The fruits of the affected fruit are damaged and fruit market value decreases.
Remedies
Cut the diseased portion and burn it.
Every 0.2 liters of water should be done at a rate of 25 grams or 1 gram carambandisam fungicide in 10 days intervals of 3-4 times and the tree should be properly applied.
Fruit Rotten Disease
Fungal diseases are usually seen in the rainy season. If the disease is affected by the germs of the disease, the fruit is interrupted and the fruit gets damaged. The attack of this disease can be understood by looking at yellowish or black spots, especially on the fruit. Fruit peel leads to an attack by the disease and decreases the weight of the fruit. The affected fruit is raw, the size is small and the fruit gloss is damaged and the end result is soft.
Remedies
The remedy for this disease is similar to the remedies of fruit stains.Fruit bursting
The consequence of pomegranate is a serious problem. This is not a fungal disease. This is usually due to lack of nutrients or due to the variation of the soil on the soil. During the growth of the fruit, due to the lack of juice in the soil due to dry weather, the growth of the fruit is hampered and the fruit skin becomes stiff. After heavy rains, there is a lot of rush on the soil, so that the inner part of the fruit grows at a faster speed, so that the fruit peels are broken without being able to withstand the pressure inside.
Remedies
After fruit, the pomegranate tree should be irrigated frequently.
Applying boronic fertilizers like Boric Acid Plants at the soil at 40 grams of soil. Also, during the growth of the fruit, the mixture of boric acid at the rate of 5 grams per liter of water should be applied within 10 days intervals and on the tree.
The cultivation of pomegranate crops, which do not have fruit problem, is to be cultivated.
Fruit Collection:
The crop starts from 3-4 years on the pen. It takes up to 6 months from the time of flowering to fruit. If the color of nutmeg blossom is yellow-brown, it is suitable for filling the fruit. If the fruit is kept longer, the fruit is likely to burst. The fruit is dependent on the broken species. The trees which have the tendency to germinate, have to take some fruit before they become nutritious. But the taste and quality of indigestion fruits is not very good. Pomegranate peel is quite tough due to which the ripe fruit can be stored for a long time and the transport is not wasted.
production:
The pomegranate trees begin to produce fruit from four to five years of age. However, the yield does not seem to be early. Generally, the pomegranate tree yields good yield from 8-10 years old. At the time of first fruits, no more than 20-25 results are available in the plant. As the age increases, the yield continues to grow. Ten-year-old tree has an average yield of 100-150 trees. If you take good care, then 200 or 250 fruits per plant may be available. A pomegranate tree yields profitable yield for up to thirty years.[Link]