CARBOHYDRATES

Today let's discuss on some things you need to know about Carbohydrates which is one of the Six classes of food.

Carbohydrates are the most important source of Energy. They are made up of elements namely the Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2:1.
Carbohydrates are manufactured by green plants in the presence of sunlight e.g cereals are the main source e.g Maize, rice,e.t.c.

We have two classes namely the Simple Carbohydrates
Complex Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides are Glucose, Fructose and Galactose
When Monosaccharides combine we have Disaccharide.

Another name for Glucose is DESTONE. Glucose: Glucose comes when starch are digested in the human body. It is the Source of Energy for the cell.

Fructose: Another name for fructose is Fruit Sugar. It is metabolized in the Liver.

Galactose: Another name is Milk Sugar. It doesn't exist in nature and is bounded with glucose.

DISACCHARIDES

They are formed when we have two monosaccharides
Example are the sucrose, maltose and Lactose .
Sucrose is obtained when glucose combines with fructose subunits.
Fructose is sugar from cane.
Lactose is Glucose + gelectose.
Maltose is glucose+ glucose, it is glucose molecules.

OLIGOSACCHARIDES
They are made up of 3 to 9 which are Fructose, Sucrose and gelatoctose.
Rafinose is eg of trisaccharide.
Starchyos is eg of tetrasaccharides.
Verbascose is eg of pentasaccharides and can be gotten from Beans.

COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES
Another name polysaccharide found in grains, fruits, legumes. Complex carbohydrates are stored by plants in two forms Aminopeptine and Amylase in plants.
In human and Animals carbohydrates are stored as Glycogen.

FUNCTIONS OF CARBOHYDRATES

• It is the major source of energy, it gives 40-80 energy.
• Carbohydrates are protein spearing due to the high costs of protein we can take carbohydrates in place of protein.
  Lactose is a carbohydrate and it helps in calcium absorption.
• It helps to improve the texture and flavouring of food.
  Polysaccharides and some of there derivations.
  Sugar thickens germs and carbohydrates are thickners.
• Cholesterol absorption: Fruits like banana helps to prevent cholesterol absorption.
• It also helps to prevent cardio vascular diseases.

DEFICIENCY

• Difficulty in concentration
• Fatigue, headaches
• Cardio vascular Diseases

We should consume foods that gives Carbohydrates adequately.

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