Ordinary products-vegetables, fruits, nuts, juices and berries – are not just our taste preferences. That's what makes us who we are. It also enriches and enriches the elements necessary for life. But what if we make changes to our usual diet? After all, each product is a storehouse of certain substances that affect the body. Our health, well-being and mood depend on what we eat. And the task of each of us is to learn this information and learn how to use it.
Apple
The apple tree is the most unpretentious tree, with good care it can yield a plentiful harvest both in a sunny place and with shading. She does not like only lowlands, hollows and enclosed basins, where during the flowering late frosts can damage flowers. Many species of apple trees are grown as ornamental plants in gardens and parks. All species are good honey plants. The wood of the apple tree is dense, strong, easily cut and well polished; suitable for turning and carpentry, small crafts. The most widely used apple tree is home. To date, there are many varieties of this species of apple trees that grow under different climatic conditions.
Home apple-tree - a durable plant can grow up to 100 years, and wild-growing species - up to 300 years.
Begins to bear fruit for 4-12 years, productive period - 40 - 50 years. Blooms in April-May. Flowering lasts 8-12 days. Pollination is cross. With abundant flowering, about 30% of the ovaries are tied and developed to mature fruit, the rest are showered (unfertilized ovaries, and in June - fruits). Apple tree is winter-hardy and frost-resistant (up to -42 ° C), it grows on different soils. Lack of moisture, mineral nutrition and other unfavorable factors lead to a significant shedding of the ovaries.
The homeland of the apple tree is Central Asia, although some scientists believe that the first edible sweet apples on Earth appeared in the mountainous regions of present-day Kazakhstan at the border with China at an altitude of more than two thousand meters. This discovery was a surprise to many scientists: until now it was assumed that apples are hybrids of various fruits. The ancestors of modern fruit still grow on the "historical homeland", but they are few and can be found only with the help of specialists, says scientist Barry Juniper, author of the book "The History of Apples."
Spread the Kazakh apples, according to Juniper, first bears who chose the largest and sweetest fruits and carried their seeds. Then the partially cultivated fruit began to "move" in a western direction. By the time of bronze, apples "got" to the Persian Gulf, where fruit gardens were broken. In Europe, including in the UK, they were brought by the Roman legionaries.
Calorie content of apples
Apples are low in calories. In 100 g of fresh apple contains only 47 kcal. The product is almost devoid of fats, but it contains carbohydrates, which allows a person who consumes an apple to maintain a sense of satiety for a long time. Great for those who want to lose weight and those who are on a diet. 100 g of baked apples contain almost 66 kcal and also will not harm the figure. But in 100 grams of dried apples 253 kcal, so that you do not want to get involved if you want to keep your weight.
Nutrition value in 100 grams:
| Proteins, gr | Fat, gr | Carbohydrates, gr | Ash, gr | Water, gr | Calorific value, kcal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apple contains up to 80% water, the remaining 20% of the useful substances: cellulose, organic acids, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, iodine, and Vitamins A, B1, B3, PP, C. et al.
Apples contain few calories, so it is an excellent diet for those who want to lose weight.
Apples contain such important natural acids such as malic, tartaric and citric acid, and in combination with the same tannins these acids stop the processes of putrefaction and fermentation in the gut, make it possible not to feel flatulence, bloating, promote the natural cleansing of the bowel and restore. A healthy bowel is the key to longevity and health.
Thanks to pectin, apples act as a very light and absolutely safe laxative.
To prevent constipation is best in the morning on an empty stomach to eat one or two sour apples. Moreover, it is proved that apples contain substances that stop the growth of cancer cells in the intestine and liver. So if you have problems with the intestine, except 1-2 apples on an empty stomach will be useful during the day to eat 1-2 apples. No less useful is to arrange once every 2-3 weeks an unloading apple day (mini-apple mono-diet).
Apples are useful to everyone, both healthy people and those who suffer from various diseases. In apples (especially, in recently ripped) quite a lot of vitamins. For example, vitamin A in apples is 50% larger than in oranges. This vitamin helps to protect yourself from colds and other infections and keeps your eyesight at a good level.
Quite a rare vitamin G in apples is larger than in any other fruit. It is called "vitamin of appetite" and provides normal digestion and growth. The apples and vitamins C, as well as the B group, are rich. In the ripe fruits of some varieties of apples, iodine is 8 times larger than in bananas, and 13 times more than in oranges. Therefore, apples are considered useful for the prevention of goiter. But the more apples lie, the less vitamins become.
It is best to eat fresh fruits in their natural form or grated on a large grater. The most useful are small, sour and wild apples. They contain ten times more useful substances than glossy fruits.
Fresh apples always cause an abundant secretion of gastric juice, so it is especially useful to eat during dinner apple for those who are always somewhere in a hurry and therefore do not thoroughly chew food.
Acidic apples more rich in vitamin C, they have a beneficial effect on the immune system, reinforce vessel walls, reduces their permeability to toxins, relieve edema, facilitates the rapid restoration of power after a long illness. Apples contain natural antibiotics - volatile, which in itself is detrimental effect on the pathogens of influenza virus, Staphylococcus aureus, helps with acne on the face, destroying the causative agents of dysentery.
Tannins in excellent combination with potassium, contained in apples, help in the prevention of gout and urolithiasis. They do not allow the precipitation of salts of uric acid, so with urate diathesis they are not only a cure, but also prevention of larger troubles - urolithiasis.
So, if you have a lot of uric acid in urine analysis, if you want to get rid of kidney stones - chew apples!
Apples contribute to the prevention of gallbladder diseases: having a mild choleretic effect, they help prevent cholelithiasis and cholecystitis. If you already have problems with the gall bladder, then do not forget to use freshly squeezed apple juice - half a glass or a glass for 15-30 minutes before eating.
Apples have a restorative, encouraging, refreshing effect on the body. Fruits with a low sugar content affect the fluctuations in the blood sugar, they are shown to patients with diabetes mellitus. In addition, apples reduce the amount of cholesterol in the blood. Apple diet reduces the cholesterol in the blood by 30%.
Apple prevents the formation of uric acid and enhances the decomposition of formic. Therefore, it is used for suffering rheumatism, gout, atherosclerosis, chronic eczema and other skin diseases. Apple is useful for strengthening eyesight, skin, hair and nails, as well as for eliminating diseases of a nervous nature.
Apples are beneficial for low blood pressure and hardening of blood vessels, because they are a powerful blood purifier. They are also useful for the lymphatic system.
It is believed that the regular use of apples and apple juice helps to prevent the process of destruction of brain cells, leading to loss of memory.
A study conducted by the Nottingham Research Institute showed that a weekly intake of 5 apples contributes to a reduction in the level of respiratory diseases (including asthma).
Scientists have noticed another useful quality in fruits: they completely replace toothpastes and powders, one apple in the morning - and teeth are clean and healthy. Apples protect them from destruction.
Well, finally, baked apples are useful for chronic constipation, fresh - with gastritis and colitis, beriberi.
Scientists believe that apple seeds contain biologically active substances, vitamins and enzymes that prevent the occurrence of cancer. It is also believed that 5 to 6 apple seeds completely cover the daily requirement for iodine. Opponents of this theory yet, but doctors also warn about the danger that can hide in these brown seeds.
In apple bones contains an extremely dangerous substance - glycoside amygdaline! In the stomach, it splits with the release of hydrocyanic acid, the strongest poison. It is especially dangerous for children. Weaken the action of the poison can be roasting and the addition of sugar. There is an opinion that the danger of pits is greatly exaggerated, because the total concentration of toxic substances is very small. But in any case, abuse of eating fruit seeds should not be. Safe is considered, no more than 5-6 apple seeds a day.
Apples harm the health of teeth. Especially southern varieties with high sugar content. Acid varieties do not use for stomach ulcers and duodenal ulcers, gastritis with high acidity. Overeating of apples can cause diarrhea.
The illustrations are used in agreement with the Depositphotos photobank
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