Source: newsmobile.in
Earth structure is composed of three layers. From the outermost layer to the deepest, the layers are the crust (lithosphere), the sheath and the core. The core consists of the outer core and the inner core.
Source: ilmubatugeologi
Plate movement
The top layer of the earth (lithosphere) is a cold rock that is solid and rigid. Below this layer, there is a hot rock called a mantle. Because it is so hot, the mantel is in a non-rigid condition, it can move according to expositions of heat distribution (confectionary flow). The tectonic plates which are part of the solid and floating lithosphere above the mantel move in motion with each other with three possible movements: The two plates are spreading, collision, and/or mutually transform.
Source: thinglink.com
Meeting at fault
If two plates meet at a fault, the two plates can move away from each other, or both can be close to each other, or can also shift. In general, these three movements that are likely to be slow, cannot be perceived by humans consciously and without research, but this movement is measured at 0-15 centimeters per year. Sometimes the movement of these plates is jammed and can be interlocked, so it can lead to the collection of energy that continues on the movement of the plate until a time the rocks on the plate tectonics are no longer strong to resist the movement that occurs so sudden discharge known as earthquakes.
Source: wikipedia.org
Plates
In the world, there are eight large plates of the earth's crust. The territory of Indonesia lies between three plates, namely the Indo-Australia that moves north, Eurasia moving toward the southeast, and the Pacific that moves westward. When the plates collide, there is an earthquake.
According to the theory of plate tectonics, the earth's surface is split over a number of large tectonic plates. The tectonic plate is a hard segment of the earth's crust that floats on a very hot and liquid asthenosphere. Therefore, these tectonic plates are free in motion and interact with each other. The border area of tectonic plates is a place that has an active tectonic condition that causes earthquakes, volcanoes, and highland formation. The theory of plate tectonics is a combination of previous theories of the theory of continental drift (continental drift) and the expansion of the ocean floor (seafloor spreading).
Source: pinterest.co.uk
Earthquakes according to myth
Ancient Lagenda explains earthquakes as deeds of gods. Fijian societies in the Pacific believe that earthquake vibrations are caused by the movement of god that support the world on their shoulders. The ancient Japanese myth suggests that the giant catfish that is underground makes an earthquake due to the tail strike. Now scientists have a more comprehensive understanding of the seismic activity. With a tool called seismograph, they can measure the seismic strength level.
Source: ilmugeografi.com
Seismology
The study of earthquakes and seismic waves is called seismology. This study requires a variety of tools, one of which is a seismograph or recording device. There are two types of seismographs: Horizontal (notes the vibration of the earth in the vertical direction).
Source: e-education.psu.edu
Richter scale
The magnitude of an earthquake that is based on tectonic wave amplitude is recorded seismograph using the richter scale. This scale was made by US seismologist Charles F. Richter in 1935.
Charles F. Richter said:
"Nothing is less predictable than the development of an active scientific field."
Source: jenasju
Chinese Seismograph
Although it does not say exactly how the earthquake was measured on the Richter scale (the Richter scale was not discovered until 1935), China was noted to have created the first seismograph in the world during the dynasty of han (early 2nd century). Its discoverers are Zhang Heng, an astronomer, mathematician, engineer, and painter. Zhang Heng's seismograph creations are in the form of a heavy bronze vessel adorned with 9 dragons facing down and 9 frogs facing upwards.
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